Matlab：柱状图饼状图填充不同条纹

导入几组数据，通过命令得到柱状图或者饼状图。示例：以导入txt文件格式为例；

弹出柱状图界面和饼状图界面。可见，柱状图和饼状图为彩色图片，有时我们不要彩色图片，要黑白图像。对黑白图像如何区分不同类别的数据，就需要往图像里面填充不同的条纹。

下面就是重点：如何把上述图像转换成黑白图像，并填充不同条纹。首先，创建名为“applyhatch.m”的函数脚本。在同一路径下。代码如下：——复制即可。function applyhatch(h,patterns,colorlist) %APPLYHATCH Apply hatched patterns to a figure %  APPLYHATCH(H,PATTERNS) creates a new figure from the figure H by %  replacing distinct colors in H with the black and white %  patterns in PATTERNS. The format for PATTERNS can be %    a string of the characters '/', '\', '|', '-', '+', 'x', '.' %    a cell array of matrices of zeros (white) and ones (black) % %  APPLYHATCH(H,PATTERNS,COLORS) maps the colors in the n by 3 %  matrix COLORS to PATTERNS. Each row of COLORS specifies an RGB %  color value. % %  Note this function makes a bitmap image of H and so is limited %  to low-resolution, bitmap output. % %  Example 1: %    bar(rand(3,4)); %    applyhatch(gcf,'\-x.'); % %  Example 2: %    colormap(cool(6)); %    pie(rand(6,1)); %    legend('Jan','Feb','Mar','Apr','May','Jun'); %    applyhatch(gcf,'|-+.\/',cool(6)); % %  See also: MAKEHATCH%  By Ben Hinkle, bhinkle@mathworks.com %  This code is in the public domain.   oldppmode = get(h,'paperpositionmode'); oldunits = get(h,'units'); set(h,'paperpositionmode','auto'); set(h,'units','pixels'); figsize = get(h,'position'); if nargin == 2   colorlist = []; end bits = hardcopy(h,'-dzbuffer','-r0'); set(h,'paperpositionmode',oldppmode);bwidth = size(bits,2); bheight = size(bits,1); bsize = bwidth * bheight; if ~isempty(colorlist)   colorlist = uint8(255*colorlist);   [colors,colori] = nextnonbw(0,colorlist,bits); else   colors = (bits(:,:,1) ~= bits(:,:,2)) | ...            (bits(:,:,1) ~= bits(:,:,3)); end pati = 1; colorind = find(colors); while ~isempty(colorind)   colorval(1) = bits(colorind(1));   colorval(2) = bits(colorind(1)+bsize);   colorval(3) = bits(colorind(1)+2*bsize);   if iscell(patterns)     pattern = patterns{pati};   elseif isa(patterns,'char')     pattern = makehatch(patterns(pati));   else     pattern = patterns;   end   pattern = uint8(255*(1-pattern));   pheight = size(pattern,2);   pwidth = size(pattern,1);   ratioh = ceil(bheight/pheight);   ratiow = ceil(bwidth/pwidth);   bigpattern = repmat(pattern,[ratioh ratiow]);   if ratioh*pheight > bheight     bigpattern(bheight+1:end,:) = [];   end   if ratiow*pwidth > bwidth     bigpattern(:,bwidth+1:end) = [];   end   bigpattern = repmat(bigpattern,[1 1 3]);   color = (bits(:,:,1) == colorval(1)) & ...           (bits(:,:,2) == colorval(2)) & ...           (bits(:,:,3) == colorval(3));   color = repmat(color,[1 1 3]);   bits(color) = bigpattern(color);   if ~isempty(colorlist)     [colors,colori] = nextnonbw(colori,colorlist,bits);   else     colors = (bits(:,:,1) ~= bits(:,:,2)) | ...              (bits(:,:,1) ~= bits(:,:,3));   end   colorind = find(colors);   pati = (pati + 1);   if pati > length(patterns)     pati = 1;   end endnewfig = figure('units','pixels','visible','off'); imaxes = axes('parent',newfig,'units','pixels'); im = image(bits,'parent',imaxes); fpos = get(newfig,'position');set(newfig,'position',[fpos(1:2) figsize(3) figsize(4)+1]); set(imaxes,'position',[0 0 figsize(3) figsize(4)+1],'visible','off'); set(newfig,'visible','on');function [colors,out] = nextnonbw(ind,colorlist,bits) out = ind+1; colors = []; while out <= size(colorlist,1)   if isequal(colorlist(out,:),[255 255 255]) | ...         isequal(colorlist(out,:),[0 0 0])     out = out+1;   else     colors = (colorlist(out,1) == bits(:,:,1)) & ...              (colorlist(out,2) == bits(:,:,2)) & ...              (colorlist(out,3) == bits(:,:,3));     return   end end%而applyhatch函数需要调用下面的函数function A = makehatch(hatch) %MAKEHATCH Predefined hatch patterns %  MAKEHATCH(HATCH) returns a matrix with the hatch pattern for HATCH %   according to the following table: %      HATCH        pattern %     -------      --------- %        /          right-slanted lines %        \          left-slanted lines %        |          vertical lines %        -          horizontal lines %        +          crossing vertical and horizontal lines %        x          criss-crossing lines %        .          single dots % %  See also: APPLYHATCH%  By Ben Hinkle, bhinkle@mathworks.com %  This code is in the public domain.n = 6; A=zeros(n); switch (hatch) case '/'   A = fliplr(eye(n)); case '\'   A = eye(n); case '|'   A(:,1) = 1; case '-'   A(1,:) = 1; case '+'   A(:,1) = 1;   A(1,:) = 1; case 'x'   A = eye(n) | fliplr(diag(ones(n-1,1),-1)); case '.'   A(1:2,1:2)=1; otherwise   error(['Undefined hatch pattern '' hatch ''.']); end

柱状填充图和饼状填充图，画图命令如下：a=importdata('xxx.txt');>> b=importdata('xxx.txt');>> c=importdata('xxx.txt');>> d=[a,b,c];>> bar(d);警告: MATLAB 已通过改用 OpenGL 软件禁用了某些高级的图形渲染功能。欲了解有关详细信息，请点击此处。>> figure(2)>> pie(d);>> axis([0 11 0.0 22]);>> legend('方法1','方法2','方法3');>> set(gcf,'color','white');>> applyhatch(gcf,'x+\.');

结果：不同条纹填充结果柱状图和饼状图如图所示：