speak、say、talk和tell的区别

1.speak的意思是“说话”,作不及物动词时,强调开始说话、发言的动作;作及物动词时,其后的宾语为某种语言。例:Would you like to speak at the meeting?译:你要在会上发言吗?例:He speaks Chinese quite well.译:他汉语说得相当好。除了上面的两种用法,它也可以跟to连用,形成speak to sb,表示“同某人说话”。例:May I speak to Miss Wang?译:我可以同王老师通话吗?(此句常用于打电话时)例:He is speaking to the teacher.译:他正在和老师说话。2.say的意思是“说出、说过”,强调说话的内容,指有连贯性的说话,宾语多为所讲的内容。例:I can say it in English.译:我能用英语说它。例:I often say “hello” to her with a smile.译:我常笑着向她问好。有时say也与to连用,形成say to sb,表示“对某人说…”。例:She says to us, “I like my hometown”.译:她对我们说,“我喜欢我的家乡”。3.talk的意思是“谈话、谈论”,强调双方之间的谈话,一般用作不及物动词,常与介词to或with连用,表示“与…交谈”。而谈及到某人或者某事的时候,后接介词of或about。例:My mother wants me to be confident when I talk with foreigners.译:我妈妈想要我和外国人谈话时自信一些。例:What are they talking about?译:他们正在谈论什么呢?例:We talked about this problem for five hours.译:我们就这个问题谈了五个小时。4.tell的意思是“讲述、告诉”,指把一件事情传达给别人或讲述一件事情、一个故事等,常作及物动词,后面接双宾语或复合宾语。常用于以下结构:tell sb sth 告诉某人某事tell sb about sth 告诉某人关于某事tell sb (not) to do sth 告诉某人(不要)去做某事例:He told me his hobby.(told是tell的过去式)译:他告诉我他的爱好。例:Please tell us something about yourself.译:请告诉我们关于你自己的一些事情。例:Dad often tells me to save water in our daily life.译:爸爸经常告诉我在日常生活中要节约用水。例:Mum told me not to ride a bike quickly. It’s too dangerous.译:妈妈告诉我不要快骑自行车,那太危险了。