初中英语语法总结及练习——人称代词

人称代词是指代人、动物和事物的词。人称代词表示:我 你 他 她 它 我们 你们 他们 它们。人称代词的分类:注:人称代词所有格又称物主代词,详见【物主代词】讲解。人称代词的主格用法作主语I am a teacher. 我是一名老师。We like playing football. 我们喜欢踢足球。You are late. 你迟到了。He is watching TV. 他在看电视。She goes to school by bike. 她骑自行车去上学。It likes fish. 它喜欢鱼。They are just kids. 他们还只是孩子。作主语补语The hero in the movie is he. 电影中的英雄是他。(作主语hero的补语,须用主格he)。Amy was taken to be I. 艾米被误认为是我。(Amy—主语,I—主语补语)The best woman for the job is she.最适合这份工作的女士是她。人称代词的宾格用法作及物动词的宾语My mother loves me a lot. 我妈妈很爱我。The teacher gives us new books. 老师给我们新书。He saw you in the book shop. 他在书店看到你了。I don't like him. 我不喜欢他。They ask her a lot of questions. 他们问她很多问题。The cat looks adorable. I like it very much. 这猫很可爱。我很喜欢它。The policeman stopped them on the road. 警察在路上让他们停下。作介词的宾语She takes care of me. 她照顾我。Our teacher is very proud of us. 我们的老师非常以我们为荣。His daughter is like him.他的女儿像他。(like在此是介词,指“像”。作介词like的宾语,须用宾格him。)A small box falls on him.一个小盒子砸在他身上。The coach has faith in them. 教练对他们有信心。作宾语补语I want it to be her. 我希望那是她。(it是want的宾语,her是宾语补语。)No one thought the Queen to be her.没有人想到女王会是她。She takes Tom to be me. 她误认为汤姆是我。口语中,作表语--Who's that? 谁啊?--It's me. 是我。若人称代词作表语时,其后跟有who或that引导的从句,则可用主格,以起强调作用。It was he who took care of the old man. 照顾那个老人的人是他。It was I who bought the dress for Mom. 为妈妈买裙子的人是我。单独使用时,用于省略回答或感叹句和疑问句中(常用于口语)--Who likes some tea? 谁要喝茶?--Me. 我要(喝茶)。--Who will be named the monitor? 谁要被任命为班长了?--Not me. 不是我。--She won the match. 她赢得了比赛。--Lucky her. 算她走运。—Susan, go and join your sister cleaning the yard. 苏珊,去和你姐一起打扫院子。—Why me? 为什么是我?人称代词使用顺序按 “你、他(她)、我”排列You and I are students. 你和我是学生。You and she are coming with me. 你和她跟我来。You, he and I must help the old man. 你和他和我必须帮助这个老人。按“我们、你们、他们(她们)”排列We and you are going to China together.我们和你们一起去中国。You and they will work together one day. 总有一天,你们和他们会一起共事。We, you and they are on the same side. 我们和你们和他们是站在同一边的。在比较时,根据句意采用主格或宾格Tom loves Kate more than he. →Tom loves Kate more than he (loves Kate).汤姆比他更爱凯特。(Tom和he两个主语作比较)Tom loves Kate more than me. →Tom loves Kate more than (he loves) me.汤姆爱凯特甚于爱我。(Kate和me两个宾语作比较)Robin is taller than he (is). 罗宾比他高。(Robin和he两个主语作比较)Robin is as tall as he (is). 罗宾和他一样高。It的用法代替之前提到的动物或东西I have a cat. I call it Tom.我有一只猫。我叫它汤姆。--Where is the blue coat?蓝外套在哪里?--It is in the bedroom. 它在卧室。指时间、天气、距离时,it作为无实际含义的主语,一般不用翻译出意思--What time is it? 几点了?--It's one thirty. 一点半。It is cold today. 今天很冷。It is hot in summer. 夏天很热。--How far is it from here to the school? 从这里到学校有多远。--It's about ten miles. 大约十英里。用于强调句式中:It is ….that(who)….It is Mary that he loves. 他爱的人是玛丽。(强调“Mary”)It was she who killed the monster. 杀死怪物的人是她。It is Joe that needs help. 需要帮助的人是乔伊。It is I who must change. 必须改变的人是我。若代词与名词连用,代词采用主格或宾格取决于名词是作主语或宾语We girls love beautiful dresses.我们女孩子喜欢漂亮的裙子。(girls作主语,所以用主格we)Beautiful dresses attract us girls.漂亮裙子吸引我们女孩子。( girls作宾语,所以用宾格us)