常用的英语句子并不都象基本句型这样简短,这些句子除了基本句型的成分不变外,通常是在这些成分的前面或后面增加一些修饰语(modifier)而加以扩大。这些修饰语可以是单词(主要是形容词、副词和数词),也可以是各种类型的短语(主要是介词短语、不定式短语和分词短语)。
下面以基本句型五为例:
We found the hall full. 我们发现礼堂坐满了。
We found the great hall full of students and teachers.
我发现大礼堂坐满了学生和教师。
We found the great hall full of students and teachers listening to an important report.
我们发现大礼堂坐满了学生和教师,在听一个重要报告。
We found the great hall full of students and teachers listening to an important report made by a comrade from the People's Daily on current affairs in East Europe.
我们发现大礼堂坐满了学生和教师,在听人民日报的一位同志作有关东欧局势的重要报告。END
不同的动词使用的句型也不尽一样,因此在学习动词时,应掌握动词的类型。 以 get 为例: He's getting angry. (S V P) He got through the window. (S V M) You'll get a surprise. (S V O) He got his shoes and socks wet. (S V O C) He got himself into trouble. (S V OM) He got her a splendid present. (S V o O) 在句子中词类和词的位置也影响句子的句型和意思: I found the book easily.我很容易地找到了这本书。(S V O M)I found the book easy. 我觉得这本书很容易。 (S V O C)I have to do something. 我得做点事。I have something to do. 我有点事做。