首先，需要明确科学研究有哪些类型？
不同医学问题对应的最佳证据均不同: 但在任何情况下，最好的证据均来自使用研究方法上最大限度地消除了偏倚的研究。
如何在Medline中检索文献？
如何正确检索证据
1、确定临床问题 Define your question. 加拿大教授把临床医学问题主要归类为五大种类： 1）治疗问题 2）诊断问题 3）病因/伤害问题 4）预后问题 5）指南
2、选择检索的Mesh词 Select MeSH terms that best represent your concepts. Clinical Trials Confidence Intervals Cost-Benefit Analysis Decision Making Decision Trees Diagnosis Guidelines Odds Ratio Outcome Assessment Practice Guidelines Predictive Value of Tests Probability Prospective Studies Sensitivity and Specificity Survival Analysis Treatment Outcome
3、决定Mesh词是否应该包括更多的专用词语 Decide whether MeSH terms should include more specific terms.
4、考虑文本词或者关键词来补充Mesh词的范围 Consider text words or key words when a MeSH term does not exist for your concept.
5、选择副主题词来进一步确定检索范围 Select subheadings, if appropriate, to further define your concept. adverse effects diagnosis drug therapy etiology mortality prevention and control therapeutic use therapy
6、使用逻辑符号来连接所有的检索词 Combine concepts with AND, OR, NOT.
7、使用字段检索来限定检索范围 Refine your search by limiting to age, sex, human, etc.
8、选择适当的研究方法来检索具有临床相关性的医学文献 Select appropriate research method terms to retrieve literature with clinical relevancy.
9、复习检索结果 Review search results.
10、检查检索出的密切相关文献中的Mesh词，利用这些词再次检索文献 Examine MeSH terms of particularly relevant articles in your retrieval. Rerun search using these terms.
11、在Pubmed库中利用相关文献寻找更多的文献 Use the 'Related citations' feature in PubMed.
12、如有需要，应该在其他数据库进行同样的检索 Run search in other databases, as appropriate.END
治疗问题检索案例
诊断问题检索案例
预后问题检索案例
病因/伤害证据检索案例END