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英语数字的书写攻略

在汉英笔译、英语写作及听力中,经常会遇到数字;哪些场合用单词表示,哪些场合用阿拉伯数字表示,往往让人难以确定,现行语法书中也极少涉及此类问题。 实际上,以英语为母语的国家,在书写数字时已形成几条约定俗成的规则,现总结如下供读者参考。
步骤/方法
1

英美等国的出版社在排版时遵循一条原则,即1至10用单词表示,10以上的数目用阿拉伯数字(也有的以100为界限),这条原则值得我们借鉴。 That table measures ten feet by five. 那个工作台长10英尺,宽5英尺。 The traditional pattern of classroom experience at the college level brings the professor and a group of 20 to 30 students together for a 45-to-50-minute class session two or three times a week. 大学课堂的传统的教学方式是,一个教授和二三十名学生每周见面两三次,每次授课时间45到50分钟。

2

人数用阿拉伯数字表示显得更简洁明了,但不定数量、近似值用单词表示较恰当。 There are 203817 voters on the electoral rolls.   选举名单上有203817个投票人。 Nearly thirty thousand voters took part in this election.   近3万个投票人参加了这次选举。

3

遇到日期、百分比、带单位的特殊数字,通常用阿拉伯数字。 Maximum swivel of table is l20. 工作台的最大旋转角度是120度。 Eg. 3rd March l991或3 March l991; a discount of 5 percent(5%的折扣); purchased 7 yards of carpet(买7码地毯); ordered 2 pounds of minced steak(订购2磅肉馅) 如果涉及的数目和单位是不定数,可用单词表示。 about five miles per hour(每小时大约5英里) at least ten yards away(至少有10码远) hesitated for a moment or two(犹豫了片刻) I have warned you a hundred times(我已经警告你多少遍了。)

4

在科技文章中,数字频繁出现,用阿拉伯数字比用单词陈述更有利。 The new engine has a capacity of 4.3 litres and a power output of 153 kilowatts at 4400 revolutions per minute. 这台新发动机的容积为4.3升,转速为每分钟4400转,时输出功率是153千瓦。 We know that the weight of a cubic foot of air at 0?C and 76cm,pressure is 0.08l pound, or 12 cubic feet of air weigh a pound. 我们知道,1立方英尺的空气在0摄氏度和760毫米汞柱压力下,重量是0.81磅,也就是说12立方英尺空气的重量是1磅。

5

句首不用阿拉伯数字,句末要尽量避免用阿拉伯数字。 4th July is an important date in American history. 应该写成The fourth of July... 19 couples took part in the ballroom dancing competition. 19对选手参加了交际舞比赛。 应改写成:Nineteen couples took... 60% profit was a reported. 据报道有60%的利润。 应改写成:Sixty per cent profit... 1345 kilograms force was applied at the center point of the bar. 试验时,在杆的中点加了1345公斤力。 可改成When tested, a force of l345 kg was applied...

6

遇到分数,可用带连字符的单词表示。

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